Journal of Iranian Social Studies

Abstract Covid-19 pandemic has imposed restrictions which have had unintended consequences for women and have increased domestic violence against women due to the long-term quarantine. In this regard, the present study aimed to provide sociological insight into the consequences of covid-19 pandemic and the escalation of violence against women by qualitative method and in-depth semi-structured interviews with 15 women in Rasht city. Data were extracted using the thematic analysis technique. The results show that the covid-19 pandemic causes the aggravation of verbal disputes between couples, reproduction of stereotypes, the continuation of the cycle of domestic violence, intensified fear of disease and increased responsibilities of women. Furthermore, quarantine had intensified the despair and depression of women and led to the reproduction of the cycle of violence.

Abstract With the onset of the Covid-19 pandemic, the economic and social changes in societies has affected the private sector dramatically. The economic pressures of unemployment for either men or women, increasing the caregiving roles, and the burden of children's online education have resulted in changes in the family function, especially in the gender roles of women. The present study by employing a comparative approach aimed to study the experiences of multiple roles caused by Covid-19 disease based on the theory of care ethics in developed and developing countries with a qualitative research method. Findings from different countries revealed that women are more likely to lose their jobs and carry more parenting roles due to their caring ethics. Thus, there is a large gender gap between men and women and there is no difference between developed and developing countries.

Abstract The outbreak of coronavirus has affected family lifestyles and interactions. This research was conducted using a quantitative survey method. A sample of 400 families who have at least one member of their families infected and/or died with corona infection was selected. The results show that the average level of individual prevention is high and the average level of social communication control is low. There is a significant relationship between prevalence of corona infection and masking behavior, the couple's relationship with parents and siblings, relationship with family, relationship with friends, and city sightseeing.  There is a direct relationship between prevalence of disease and the age of individuals, level of education and the number of family members who have contact with outdoor. The individual and family prevention in hospitalized people was lower than those without hospitalization. The rate of social communication was also higher in those admitted than in those without need for hospitalization. The rate of social communication and presence in society has been higher among people who infected two times. 

Abstract The corona epidemic had many consequences for all people in all societies. The present study examines the experiences of older women and seeks to identify the consequences they perceived and the strategies they adopted. The research method is qualitative, based on "Grounded Theory". The samples were purposefully selected through the snowball sampling method and the interviews were continued until reaching the theoretical saturation stage. The research findings show eight categories, of which four are about the consequences and four are about the strategies. Consequential categories include changes in daily life for the post-corona period, difficulties in adhering to health tips, stigma and notoriety for corona disease, and psychological distress. Categories related to strategies include disease control and prevention, increasing the spirit of responsibility, trying to adapt to the situation, and performing risky behaviors.

Abstract Intimacy is one of the most important human emotions that has cultural, social and physical implications. The main purpose of this study is to study the experience of intimacy and social bonds during the corona and quarantine situations. The study was carried out based on a qualitative method and through semi-structured interviews. According to the theoretical saturation basis, 40 citizens of Guilan province were interviewed individually⸴ then the interviews were reviewed by thematic analysis. The findings of this study show that there are three types of loving⸴ neutral and contentious intimacy in Guilani families. In quarantine conditions, lower-class families had weaker social bonds and middle and upper classes had stronger social bonds. The struggles of quarantine have been positive⸴ loving⸴ and to maintain order and discipline in corona pandemic. Although the quarantine situation has reduced interactions and increased the erosion of social capital at the community level, and has led to the decline of social affairs, it has led to the expansion of human emotions and family social bonds.

Abstract The Corona pandemic by creating specific health beliefs created a tough challenge for foundations of social support as an important element of Iranian society. This study explains the theories and functions of social support and expresses the challenges of providing and receiving social support using logical arguments. Findings show that identifying barriers to receiving and providing social support, scientific monitoring of support needs of Iranian families and paying attention to differentiating support needs for different types of Iranian families are the most important necessities. Noting diverse geographical and cultural differences, new supportive policies and new methods of social support in the context of the coronavirus pandemic is needed. Preparing a database for monitoring socio-economic-psychological conditions of Iranian families and specialized support of non-governmental and governmental organizations at micro-level (education and individual awareness), intermediate level (membership of Iranian families in support groups and newly established support institutions such as the support bank), and macro-level (facilitating organizations, institutions and associations) is suggested.