Journal of Iranian Social Studies

Abstract The role of women entrepreneurs has become a key driver of economic and social transformation. Indigenous women entrepreneurs in Gilan, active in sectors such as handicrafts, tourism, and services, significantly contribute to local development. This qualitative study examined the challenges they face and their role in economic and social progress, considering their individual characteristics. Twenty-eight experienced women were purposively selected, and were interviewed by semi-structured in-depth methods. Through Analyzing the data, following Graneheim and Lundman method three main themes appeared: key constraints in business development, women’s role in social and economic transformation, and their capabilities and success strategies. Findings indicate that success arises from the interplay of institutional and financial limitations, social and familial support, and individual capacities. Accordingly, resilience, managerial skills, and social networks enable women to overcome barriers and build sustainable, impactful businesses. Thus, women’s entrepreneurship functions not only as an economic activity but also as a catalyst for broader social, cultural, and economic change.